SAP Webdynpro Introduction Benefits for Beginners

Welcome to SAP ABAP Interview Questions. SAP ABAP Web Dynpro Introduction, Benefits for Beginners Tutorial. 

SAP Webdynpro is a technology used to build interactive web based applications in SAP using SAP Webdynpro ABAP or SAP Webdynpro Java. Here we are going to start a first SAP Webdynpro introduction, benefits tutorial for beginners. These SAP ABAP Web Dynpro notes and tutorials will help you to face interviews on SAP ABAP Webdynpro.

What is SAP Web Dynpro for ABAP or JAVA?

From a technological point of view, SAP's WebDynpro for Java and ABAP is a revolutionary step in the development of Web based user interfaces. It is completely unlike any design paradigm previously used by SAP and represents a quantum leap in the development of Web based enterprise resource planning (ERP) applications.

Web Dynpro applications are built using declarative programming techniques based on the Model View Controller (MVC) paradigm. That is, you specify which user interface elements you wish to have on the client, and where those elements will get their data from. 

You also define the possible navigation paths declaratively in your application. All the code to create the user interface is then generated automatically within a standard run time framework. This relieves you from the repetitive coding tasks involved in writing HTML and making it interactive with JavaScript.

SAP ABAP WebDynpro has been available since SAP NetWeaver 7.0 (SAP NetWeaver Application Server 7.0). For developing the entities of a Web Dynpro application, the Object Navigator (transaction code SE80) has been enhanced. SAP WebDynpro is designed to support structured development. The software modularization units are Web Dynpro components, which can be combined to build up complex applications in SAP.

Meta Model Declaration vs. Custom Coding

A Web Dynpro application is developed using a declarative programming approach. Within the ABAP Workbench there are special tools that allow you to build an abstract representation of your application in the form of a Web Dynpro meta model. The necessary source code is then generated automatically and conforms to a standard architecture known as the Web Dynpro framework. The Web Dynpro framework allows you to place the custom source code at predefined positions within the generated code.

All SAP ABAP WebDynpro applications are constructed from the same basic units. However, through the use of custom coding, the standard framework can be extended to supply any required business functionality. Not all implementation decisions need to be made at design time. It is possible to implement a Web Dynpro application in which the appearance of the user interface is decided at run time. This allows a highly flexible application to be written without the need to directly write any HTML or JavaScript.

Application Scenarios with Web Dynpro

Web Dynpro applications can access different kinds of data sources:

• From an SAP ABAP WebDynpro application, all kinds of reuse components can be addressed directly (for example, function modules or methods). It is even possible to access the database via an ABAP SELECT. However, this leads to a mixing between flow logic and business logic and should therefore be omitted.

• Web Services can be used after having generated a Web Service client object.

• The SAP Java Connector (JCo) can be used to call methods of Enterprise JavaBeans located on a J2EE Engine.

Model objects are not yet supported in SAP ABAP Web Dynpro. The best way to have reusable entities encapsulating business logic is to create ABAP classes containing the source code.

It is also possible to develop UI-free (faceless) Web Dynpro components, which only offer reusable functionality. These components can then be accessed by other Web Dynpro components by means of component reuse.

Benefits of SAP WebDynpro ABAP

Web Dynpro‘s main goal is to enable application developers to create powerful Web applications with minimum effort using descriptive tools in a structured design process.

One guiding principle in the Web Dynpro philosophy is: The fewer lines offhand written code, the better. Web Dynpro pursues this goal in two ways.

• WebDynpro uses a declarative, language-neutral meta model for defining auser interface. From this abstract definition, the development environment generates the required source code. Hand-written code still has its place, but is confined to that required to manipulate the business data, not the user interface.

• WebDynpro provides technical features such as support for internationalization, flicker free interaction, and a clean separation of the business logic and the user interface.

This separation is achieved through a modified implementation of the Model ViewController (MVC) design paradigm. Since the repetitive tasks of UI coding have been eliminated, the developer can focus his attention on the flow of business data through the application. Web Dynpro applications can run on a range of devices and on various types of networks, an important feature for collaboration scenarios.

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