Dear ABAPers, This post
gives the list of Interview questions on SAP ABAP. The list includes the real
time interview questions asked by the top MNC companies in their interviews.
For more details refer this post. SAP Interview Questions 3.
EXTRACT <fg>.
When the first EXTRACT statement occurs in a program, the system creates the extract dataset and adds the first extract record to it. In each subsequent EXTRACT statement, the new extract record is added to the dataset
EXTRACT HEADER.
When you extract the data, the record is filled with the current values of the corresponding fields.
As soon as the system has processed the first EXTRACT statement for a field group <fg>, the structure of the corresponding extract record in the extract dataset is fixed.
You can no longer insert new fields into the field groups <fg> and HEADER. If you try to modify one of the field groups afterwards and use it in another EXTRACT statement, a run time error occurs.
By processing EXTRACT statements several times using different field groups, you fill the extract dataset with records of different length and structure.
Since you can modify field groups dynamically up to their first usage in an EXTRACT statement, extract datasets provide the advantage that you need not determine the structure at the beginning of the program.
18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append?
ANS:-
If an entry with the same key already exists, the COLLECT statement does not append a new line, but adds the contents of the numeric fields in the work area to the contents of the numeric fields in the existing entry.
19. What is open sql vs native sql?
ANS:-
Open SQL , native SQL are the interfaces to create the database applicatons.
Open SQL is consistant across different types of existing Databases.
Native SQL is the database language specific to database.Its API is specific to the databse. Open SQL API is consistent across all vendors
20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it?
ANS:-
21. What is the meaning of ABAP/4 editor integrated with ABAP/4 data dictionary?
ANS:-
22. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?
ANS:-
Initialization, At selection-screen,Start-of-selection,end-of-selection,top-of-page,end-of-page, At line-selection,At user-command,At PF,Get,At New,At LAST,AT END, AT FIRST.
23. What is an interactive report?
called program - se37-creating funcgrp,funcmodule by assigning attributes, importing, exporting, tables, exceptions.
calling program - SE38-in pgm click pattern and write function name- provide export,import,tables,exception values.
26. What are the exceptions in function module?
ANS:-
COMMUNICATION_FAILURE
SYSTEM_FAILURE
27. What is a function group?
ANS:-
GROUP OF ALL RELATED FUNCTIONS.
28. How are the date and time field values stored in SAP?
ANS:-
DD.MM.YYYY. HH:MM:SS
30. Name a few data dictionary objects?
ANS:-
TABLES,VIEWS,STRUCTURES,LOCK OBJECTS,MATCHCODE OBJECTS.
31. What happens when a table is activated in DD?
ANS:-
It is available for any insertion,modification and updation of records by any user.
32. What is a check table and what is a value table?
Check table will be at field level checking.
Value table will be at domain level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid.
33. What are match codes? describe?
ans:-
It is a similar to table index that gives list of possible values for either primary keys or non-primary keys.
34. What transactions do you use for data analysis?
ANS:-
35. What is table maintenance generator?
ANS:-
36. What are ranges? What are number ranges?
ANS:-
max,min values provided in selection screens.
37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters?
ANS:-
select options provide ranges where as parameters do not.
SELECT-OPTIONS declares an internal table which is automatically filled with values or ranges of values entered by the end user.
For each SELECT-OPTIONS , the system creates a selection table.
SELECT-OPTIONS <SEL> FOR <field>.
A selection table is an internal table with fields SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH.
The type of LOW and HIGH is the same as that of <field>.
The SIGN field can take the following values: I Inclusive (should apply) E Exclusive (should not apply)
The OPTION field can take the following values: EQ Equal GT Greater than NE Not equal BT Between LE Less than or equal NB Not between LT Less than CP Contains pattern GE Greater than or equal NP No pattern.
SELECT-OPTIONS allow users to fill an internal table with a range of values.
For each PARAMETERS or SELECT-OPTIONS statement you should define text elements by choosing
Goto - Text elements - Selection texts - Change.
Eg:- Parameters name(30).
when the user executes the ABAP/4 program,an input field for 'name' will appear on the selection screen.
You can change the comments on the left side of the input fields by using text elements as described in Selection Texts.
38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report?
And how do you display initial values in a selection screen?
ANS:-
validate :- by using match code objects.
display :- Parameters <name> default 'xxx'.
select-options <name> for spfli-carrid.
39. What are selection texts?
ANS:-
40. What is CTS and what do you know about it?
ANS:-
The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape.
This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy.
5. What is the alternative to batch
input session?
ANS:-
Call transaction.
6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session.
We need to submit the program and the batch session in back ground. How to do it?
ANS:-
go to SM36 and create background job by giving
job name,job class and job steps (JOB SCHEDULING)
8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions?
How is batch input process different from processing online?
ANS:-
PROBLEMS:-
i) If the user forgets to opt for keep session then the session will be automatically removed from the session queue(log remains). However if session is processed we may delete it manually.
ii)if session processing fails data will not be transferred to SAP database table.
10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects?
ans:-
tables, structures, views, domains, data elements, lock objects, Matchcode objects.
11. How many types of tables exists and what are they in data dictionary?
ans :-
4 types of tables
i)Transparent tables -
Exists with the same structure both in dictionary as well as in database exactly with the same data and fields. Both Opensql and Nativesql can be used.
ii)Pool tables & iii)Cluster tables -
These are logical tables that are arranged as records of transparent tables.one cannot use native sql on these tables (only opensql).They are not managable directly using database system tools.
iv)Internal tables - .
12. What is the step by step process to create a table in data dictionary?
ans:-
step 1: creating domains(data type,field length,range).
step 2: creating data elements(properties and type for a table field).
step 3: creating tables(SE11).
13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the data base physically?
ANS:- NO.
TRANSPARENT TABLE DO EXIST WITH THE SAME STRUCTURE BOTH IN THE DICTIONARY AS WELL AS IN THE DATABASE,EXACTLY WITH THE SAME DATA AND FIELDS.
14. What are the domains and data elements?
ANS:-
DOMAINS :
FORMAL DEFINITION OF THE DATA TYPES.THEY SET ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS DATA TYPE,LENGTH,RANGE.
DATA ELEMENT : A FIELD IN R/3 SYSTEM IS A DATA ELEMENT.
15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements?
ANS:-
YES.
eg:- ITAB LIKE SPFLI.here we are referening to a data object(SPFLI) not data element.
16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs?
ANS:-
Adv:- GLOBAL EXISTANCE(these could be used by any other program without creating it again).
17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program?
ANS:-
Once you have declared the possible record types as field groups and defined their structure, you can fill the extract dataset using the following statements:
ANS:-
Call transaction.
6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session.
We need to submit the program and the batch session in back ground. How to do it?
ANS:-
go to SM36 and create background job by giving
job name,job class and job steps (JOB SCHEDULING)
8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions?
How is batch input process different from processing online?
ANS:-
PROBLEMS:-
i) If the user forgets to opt for keep session then the session will be automatically removed from the session queue(log remains). However if session is processed we may delete it manually.
ii)if session processing fails data will not be transferred to SAP database table.
10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects?
ans:-
tables, structures, views, domains, data elements, lock objects, Matchcode objects.
11. How many types of tables exists and what are they in data dictionary?
ans :-
4 types of tables
i)Transparent tables -
Exists with the same structure both in dictionary as well as in database exactly with the same data and fields. Both Opensql and Nativesql can be used.
ii)Pool tables & iii)Cluster tables -
These are logical tables that are arranged as records of transparent tables.one cannot use native sql on these tables (only opensql).They are not managable directly using database system tools.
iv)Internal tables - .
12. What is the step by step process to create a table in data dictionary?
ans:-
step 1: creating domains(data type,field length,range).
step 2: creating data elements(properties and type for a table field).
step 3: creating tables(SE11).
13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the data base physically?
ANS:- NO.
TRANSPARENT TABLE DO EXIST WITH THE SAME STRUCTURE BOTH IN THE DICTIONARY AS WELL AS IN THE DATABASE,EXACTLY WITH THE SAME DATA AND FIELDS.
14. What are the domains and data elements?
ANS:-
DOMAINS :
FORMAL DEFINITION OF THE DATA TYPES.THEY SET ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS DATA TYPE,LENGTH,RANGE.
DATA ELEMENT : A FIELD IN R/3 SYSTEM IS A DATA ELEMENT.
15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements?
ANS:-
YES.
eg:- ITAB LIKE SPFLI.here we are referening to a data object(SPFLI) not data element.
16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs?
ANS:-
Adv:- GLOBAL EXISTANCE(these could be used by any other program without creating it again).
17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program?
ANS:-
Once you have declared the possible record types as field groups and defined their structure, you can fill the extract dataset using the following statements:
EXTRACT <fg>.
When the first EXTRACT statement occurs in a program, the system creates the extract dataset and adds the first extract record to it. In each subsequent EXTRACT statement, the new extract record is added to the dataset
EXTRACT HEADER.
When you extract the data, the record is filled with the current values of the corresponding fields.
As soon as the system has processed the first EXTRACT statement for a field group <fg>, the structure of the corresponding extract record in the extract dataset is fixed.
You can no longer insert new fields into the field groups <fg> and HEADER. If you try to modify one of the field groups afterwards and use it in another EXTRACT statement, a run time error occurs.
By processing EXTRACT statements several times using different field groups, you fill the extract dataset with records of different length and structure.
Since you can modify field groups dynamically up to their first usage in an EXTRACT statement, extract datasets provide the advantage that you need not determine the structure at the beginning of the program.
18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append?
ANS:-
If an entry with the same key already exists, the COLLECT statement does not append a new line, but adds the contents of the numeric fields in the work area to the contents of the numeric fields in the existing entry.
19. What is open sql vs native sql?
ANS:-
Open SQL , native SQL are the interfaces to create the database applicatons.
Open SQL is consistant across different types of existing Databases.
Native SQL is the database language specific to database.Its API is specific to the databse. Open SQL API is consistent across all vendors
20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it?
ANS:-
21. What is the meaning of ABAP/4 editor integrated with ABAP/4 data dictionary?
ANS:-
22. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?
ANS:-
Initialization, At selection-screen,Start-of-selection,end-of-selection,top-of-page,end-of-page, At line-selection,At user-command,At PF,Get,At New,At LAST,AT END, AT FIRST.
23. What is an interactive report?
What is the obvious diff of such report compared with classical type
reports?
ANS:-
An Interactive report is a dynamic drill down report that produces the list on users choice.
diff:-
ANS:-
An Interactive report is a dynamic drill down report that produces the list on users choice.
diff:-
a) THE LIST PRODUCED BY CLASSICAL REPORT DOESN'T allow user to interact
with the system the list produced by interactive report allows the user to
interact with the system.
b) ONCE A CLASSICAL REPORT EXECUTED USER LOOSES CONTROL.IR USER HAS
CONTROL.
c) IN CLASSICAL REPORT DRILLING IS NOT POSSIBLE.IN INTERACTIVE DRILLING
IS POSSIBLE.
24. What is a drill down report?
ANS:-
Its an Interactive report where in the user can get more relavent data by selecting explicitly.
25. How do you write a function module in SAP? describe.
ANS:-
creating function module:-
24. What is a drill down report?
ANS:-
Its an Interactive report where in the user can get more relavent data by selecting explicitly.
25. How do you write a function module in SAP? describe.
ANS:-
creating function module:-
called program - se37-creating funcgrp,funcmodule by assigning attributes, importing, exporting, tables, exceptions.
calling program - SE38-in pgm click pattern and write function name- provide export,import,tables,exception values.
26. What are the exceptions in function module?
ANS:-
COMMUNICATION_FAILURE
SYSTEM_FAILURE
27. What is a function group?
ANS:-
GROUP OF ALL RELATED FUNCTIONS.
28. How are the date and time field values stored in SAP?
ANS:-
DD.MM.YYYY. HH:MM:SS
30. Name a few data dictionary objects?
ANS:-
TABLES,VIEWS,STRUCTURES,LOCK OBJECTS,MATCHCODE OBJECTS.
31. What happens when a table is activated in DD?
ANS:-
It is available for any insertion,modification and updation of records by any user.
32. What is a check table and what is a value table?
Check table will be at field level checking.
Value table will be at domain level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid.
33. What are match codes? describe?
ans:-
It is a similar to table index that gives list of possible values for either primary keys or non-primary keys.
34. What transactions do you use for data analysis?
ANS:-
35. What is table maintenance generator?
ANS:-
36. What are ranges? What are number ranges?
ANS:-
max,min values provided in selection screens.
37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters?
ANS:-
select options provide ranges where as parameters do not.
SELECT-OPTIONS declares an internal table which is automatically filled with values or ranges of values entered by the end user.
For each SELECT-OPTIONS , the system creates a selection table.
SELECT-OPTIONS <SEL> FOR <field>.
A selection table is an internal table with fields SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH.
The type of LOW and HIGH is the same as that of <field>.
The SIGN field can take the following values: I Inclusive (should apply) E Exclusive (should not apply)
The OPTION field can take the following values: EQ Equal GT Greater than NE Not equal BT Between LE Less than or equal NB Not between LT Less than CP Contains pattern GE Greater than or equal NP No pattern.
diff:-
PARAMETERS allow users to enter a single value into an internal field within a report.
PARAMETERS allow users to enter a single value into an internal field within a report.
SELECT-OPTIONS allow users to fill an internal table with a range of values.
For each PARAMETERS or SELECT-OPTIONS statement you should define text elements by choosing
Goto - Text elements - Selection texts - Change.
Eg:- Parameters name(30).
when the user executes the ABAP/4 program,an input field for 'name' will appear on the selection screen.
You can change the comments on the left side of the input fields by using text elements as described in Selection Texts.
38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report?
And how do you display initial values in a selection screen?
ANS:-
validate :- by using match code objects.
display :- Parameters <name> default 'xxx'.
select-options <name> for spfli-carrid.
39. What are selection texts?
ANS:-
40. What is CTS and what do you know about it?
ANS:-
The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape.
This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy.
Read and follow this
documentation when planning your development project.
For practical information on working with the Change and Transport System, see Change and Transport Organizer and Transport Management System.
41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it?
ANS:-
42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?
ANS:-
43. Are programs client dependent?
ANS:-
Yes.Group of users can access these programs with a client no.
44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs?
ANS:-
For practical information on working with the Change and Transport System, see Change and Transport Organizer and Transport Management System.
41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it?
ANS:-
42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?
ANS:-
43. Are programs client dependent?
ANS:-
Yes.Group of users can access these programs with a client no.
44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs?
ANS:-
SY-SUBRC,
SY-DBCNT,
SY-LILLI,
SY-DATUM,
SY-UZEIT,
SY-UCOMM,
SY-TABIX.....
SY-LILLI IS ABSOLUTE NO OF LINES FROM WHICH THE EVENT WAS TRIGGERED.
SY-LILLI IS ABSOLUTE NO OF LINES FROM WHICH THE EVENT WAS TRIGGERED.
For
More Real Time Interview Questions See Below Posts
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